Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2002; 3: 110-114

Léčba tikových poruch v praxi

prof. MUDr. Ivana Drtílková CSc
Psychiatrická klinika LF MU a FN Brno

Keywords: Tourettes´syndrome, tics, medication, first-line agents.

Published: December 31, 2002  Show citation

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Drtílková I. Léčba tikových poruch v praxi. Psychiatr. praxi. 2002;3(3):110-114.

Přesná etiologie Tourettovy poruchy (TP) není jasná, má však pravděpodobně genetický podklad a neurochemickou komponentu. Starší a dosud často předepisovaný haloperidol by neměl být považován za preparát první volby vzhledem k výrazným nežádoucím účinkům. Mezi naše preparáty první volby patří tiaprid, risperidon, klonidin a klonazepam. Pokud tyto preparáty nemají dostatečný efekt, měli bychom doporučit olanzapin, pimozid nebo haloperidol. Nadějný se jeví rovněž potenciální efekt dalších preparátů, jako jsou ziprasidon nebo tetrabenazin. Pokud se spolu s TP vyskytuje obsedantně kompulzivní porucha (OCD), měla by být léčena kombinací SSRI s antagonisty dopaminových receptorů. Klonidin je racionální volba pokud se vyskytuje společně Tourettova a hyperkinetická porucha.

Treatment of tic disorders in praxis

The precise etiology of Tourettes disorder is uncertain but probably has a neurochemical basis and a genetic component. The oldest and still most widely prescribed drug, haloperidol, should now not be considered the first-line agent in children as other agents have superior adverse effects profile. Our firt-line agent for tic suppresion include tiapride, risperidone, clonidine and clonazepam. Shoud these agents be ineffective, we would recommend olanzapine, pimozide or haloperidol. The potential benefit of other agents, such as ziprasidone is encouraging. Obsessive compulsive disorder, when associated with TD, may be treated with either a SSRI in association with dopamine receptor antagonist. Clonidine is a rational first choice where ADHD coexists with TD.

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