Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2003; 2: 62-65

Antipsychotika druhé generace v léčbě akutní psychotické agitovanosti

MUDr. Pavel Mohr Ph.D1,2
1 Psychiatrické centrum Praha, 3. LF UK, Praha
2 Centrum neurofarmakologických studií, 3. LF UK Praha

Keywords: agitation, schizophrenia, second generation antipsychotics, olanzapine, ziprasidone.

Published: December 31, 2003  Show citation

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Mohr P. Antipsychotika druhé generace v léčbě akutní psychotické agitovanosti. Psychiatr. praxi. 2003;4(2):62-65.

Celá řada psychotických onemocnění, včetně schizofrenie, může být doprovázena akutním neklidem, agitovaností nebo agresivitou. Vedle farmakoterapie akutní agitovanosti nesmíme zapomínat ani na možnosti nefarmakologické intervence. Z psychofarmak vhodných k parenterální aplikaci se dosud nejčastěji používala zejména klasická antipsychotika a benzodiazepiny. Nověji máme k dispozici injekční formy některých antipsychotik druhé generace, olanzapinu a ziprasidonu. Oba tyto léky prokázaly svoji účinnost a snášenlivost ve dvojitě slepých studiích při intramuskulárním podání akutně agitovaným psychotickým nemocným. Ve srovnání s klasickými antipsychotiky prokazují injekční formy nových antipsychotik rychlejší nástup účinku a celkově příznivější profil vedlejších nežádoucích účinků. Mohou se tak stát léky první volby v terapii akutní psychotické agitovanosti.

SECOND GENERATION ANTIPSYCHOTICS IN TREATMENT OF ACUTE PSYCHOTIC AGITATION

Various psychotic disorders, including schizophrenia, may be associated with symptoms of acute agitation, or even aggression. In the pharmacotherapy of acute agitation, we can use so called rapid tranquilization. Besides drug treatment, non-pharmacological interventions, environmental and behavioral, are important part of the complex approach. The most extensively used psychotropic drugs are parenteral formulas of conventional antipsychotics and benzodiazepines. More recently, injection forms of some second generation antipsychotics, olanzapine and ziprasidone, have become available. Both drugs have shown their efficacy and tolerability in several double-blind trials of intramuscular administration in acutely agitated psychotic patients. Comparing to the conventional medication, injection forms of the novel antipsychotics have a faster onset of action and overall more favorable profile of side effects. Thus, they should become a first-line choice in the treatment of acute psychotic agitation.

Psychiatrické centrum Praha, III. lékařská fakulta Univerzity Karlovy v Praze,

Centrum neuropsychiatrických studií

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