Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2004; 3: 118-122
Pamě» a schizofrenie
- PhDr. Mabel Rodriguez, MUDr. Pavel Mohr Ph.D1,2
- 1
Psychiatrické centrum Praha, 3. LF UK, Praha
- 2
Centrum neurofarmakologických studií, 3. LF UK Praha
Keywords: memory, schizophrenia, cognition.
Published: December 31, 2004 Show citation
Rodriguez M, Mohr P. Pamě» a schizofrenie. Psychiatr. praxi. 2004;9(3):118-122.
Kognitivní deficit u schizofrenie se zásadně podílí na podobě výsledných stavů onemocnění, včetně pracovního a sociálního zařazení. Jedním z klíčových kognitivních postiľení jsou poruchy paměti, které mohou ovlivňovat i ostatní kognitivní funkce. Neuropsychologie je poznamenaná nejednotnou terminologií paměti. Nověji byly popsány neuroanatomické koreláty poruch paměti u schizofrenie: prefrontální kortex, hipokampus, temporální lalok, gyrus temporalis superior, gyrus parahippocampalis, objem bílé hmoty mozečku. Výzkum pamě»ového deficitu u schizofrenie se soustřeďuje předevąím na pracovní pamě» a na poruchy informačního processingu: zpomalení zpracování, poruchy koordinace a organizace informací. V terapii kognitivního deficitu, včetně poruch paměti u schizofrenie, se uplatňuje komplexní přístup s vyuľitím rehabilitačních technik a terapie antipsychotiky druhé generace. Kromě nízké potřeby podávání přídatné anticholinergní medikace byl u vąech nových antipsychotik prokázán pozitivní efekt na kognitivní funkce. Experimentálně se testují i daląí farmakologické moľnosti.
Memory and Schizophrenia
Cognitive deficit in schizophrenia plays a key role in the functional outcome of the disorder, including occupational and social functioning. One of the principal cognitive dysfunctions is memory impairment that can affect significantly other cognition. Neuropsychology suffers from disagreement on memory terminology. Neuroanatomical brain structures related to the memory deficit in schizophrenia have been recently identified: prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, temporal lobe, superior temporal gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, cerebellum white matter volume. Research of memory deficit in schizophrenia is focused primarily on working memory and dysfunction of information processing: slow processing, impaired coordination and organization of information. In the treatment of cognitive deficit, a complex approach is being used, combining rehabilitation techniques and administration of the second-generation antipsychotics. In addition to a decreased need for adjuvant anticholinergic medication, all new antipsychotics have proven to be effective in improving cognitive deficit. Other experimental pharmacological options are currently under investigation.
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