Jahodové blues

Jana Kučerová

Psychiatr. praxi. 2015;16(2)  

Mental disorders - epigenetic mechanisms in their etiology and pharmacotherapy

prof.MUDr.Ladislav Hosák, Ph.D., RNDr.Aleš Kovařík, CSc., MUDr.Bc.Libor Ustohal, Ph.D., doc.MUDr.Klára Látalová, Ph.D.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2015;16(2):45-48  

At the end of the 1990s, the human genome was firstly read. However, this scientific success brought more questions than answers. Many ambiguities are related to the mechanisms of DNA control, i.e. epigenetics, especially as of the non-coding DNA. Four epigenetic mechanisms are important in humans – DNA methylation, histone chemical modifications, regulation by the non-coding RNA and ATP- -dependent chromatine re-modelling. It was found that epigenetic mechanisms are associated with etiopathogenesis of many mental disorders as well as their recent psychopharmacotherapy with regard to antipsychotics, antidepressants and mood stabilizers....

Shared decision making

prof.MUDr.Eva Češková, CSc.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2015;16(2):49-50  

Shared decision making (SDM) is a strategy for including patients in therapeutic decision processes In the somatic medicine the SDM has been studied and used for several years now. The application of shared decision making to psychiatry is still in the initial stage. The use of this strategy is expected to improve long-term compliance and outcome. Most studies has been done by German authors which have proved its feasibility and potential advantages in both acute and long-term treatment in schizophrenia. The SDM represents one of the important aspects dealing with individualized approach to the patient.

Drug interactions in psychiatry in theory and in practice

MUDr.Michal Prokeš, PharmDr.Josef Suchopár

Psychiatr. praxi. 2015;16(2):51-55  

Drug interactions are one of the common drug-related problems in modern medicine. In this review the mechanisms of drug-drug interactions (DDI) of antipsychotics and antidepresants are presented as well as common guidenance for general approach to DDIs in medical praxis. Many of the DDIs in psychiatric praxis are generated by pharmacokinetic action between interacting drugs, where their plasma concentrations are changed by inhibition or induction of cytochrom P 450 isoenzymes, mainly by CYP2D6 or CYP3A4, and of P-glycoprotein. Prescribing physicians should consider risks and benefits of combined drug therapy in individual patients and take...

Adverse effects of antipsychotic treatment

prof.RNDr.Ludmila Kameníková, DrSc., Mgr.Jan Pomykacz, prof.Dr.Hassan Farghali, DrSc.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2015;16(2):56-59  

The long term use of antipsychotics with several adverse effects is addressed. The article enumerates these adverse effects to emphasize the importance of thorough treatment according to the overall physical and psychic conditions of the patient with the assessment of benefit/risk ratio of the given agent.

Patient with generalized anxiety disorder and dependence on zolpidem - treatment with pregabaline

MUDr.Vladimír Kmoch

Psychiatr. praxi. 2015;16(2):60-63  

and motivational interviewing Presented is a case report of a patient with a dependence on zolpidem and harmful use of alcohol. We suppose that the treatment of dual diagnosis – generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) by pregabaline and motivational interviewing in combination with autogenous training helped the patient to recovery and abstinence.

Crisis itervention after rape

doc.PhDr.Ludmila Čírtková, CSc.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2015;16(2):67-70  

The article deals with principles of crisis intervention on rape victims. The author describes the variety of rape trauma patterns. Crisis intervention should focus on individual situation and needs of the particular victim. The author emphasises the principle of victim empowerment and mobilisation of available coping strategies. Key word: rape trauma, loss of control, crisis intervention, victim empowerment, psychoeducation, social support.

Neurosyphilis

MUDr.Michal Vodička

Psychiatr. praxi. 2015;16(2):64-66  

Neurosyphilis is a severe form of syphilitic infection, which can occur during any stage of the disease. It may not manifest itself at all, but it can also cause severe brain damage in the form of meningitis, multiple psychiatric symptoms or late neurological manifestations.