Psychiatry for Practice, 2016, issue 2

Editorial

Co dnes trápí ambulantní specialisty?

Zorjan Jojko

Psychiatr. praxi. 2016;17(2):39

Review articles

Biomarkers of schizophrenia - a brief review and the recent knowledge

prof. MUDr. Ladislav Hosák, Ph.D.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2016;17(2):44-47 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2016.012

Biomarker is a characteristic which is objectively measurable and assessable as the indicator of physiological biological processes, disease pathophysiology or treatment response. It may be defined at the molecular, cellular, organ or systemic levels. Biomarkers are divided into diagnostic, predictive, therapeutic, preventative and prophylactic ones. Thus, biomarker is an indicator which should help us correctly predict, diagnose, treat and prevent a given disease. In case of schizophrenia, no biomarker which can be applied in a routine clinical practice is recently available. An intensive research is going on, potential biomarkers in the field of...

Some issues of antidepressant efficacy and tolerability relevant for routine clinical practice

prof. MUDr. Eva Češková, CSc.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2016;17(2):48-52 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2016.013

Current possibilities of available antidepressants (AD) are limited. In spite of great heterogeneity of depressive disorders, monoamines remain the main target of psychopharmacotherapy. The differences in treatment response are associated with genetic variability. The developing field of pharmacogenetics strives for individualized treatment; however, in routine clinical practice the choice of antidepressant is based on individual efficacy, tolerability and alignment of symptoms to a biochemical alteration. The presence of an adequate quantity of the active substance in CNS targets is undoubtedly a precondition for efficacy. This raises the issue of...

Treatment of movement impairment in Huntington’s disease

MUDr. Jiří Klempíř, Ph.D., prof. MUDr. Jan Roth, CSc.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2016;17(2):53-58

Huntington’s disease (HD) is the autosomal dominantly inherited progressive neurodegenerative disease. The clinical picture of HD is characterized by motor symptoms, behavioral changes and cognitive decline. The medication of HD is purely symptomatic, no causative or disease-modifying therapies are available. The degree of choreatic dyskinesias can be ameliorated by antagonists of postsynaptic dopamine receptors - antipsychotics (tiapride, risperidone, haloperidol etc.) or depletors of dopamine (tetrabenazine). Dystonic posturing could be improved by amantadine. In rare juvenile cases with dominant rigidity and akinesia amantadine or levodopa...

Position of acupuncture in psychiatry

MUDr. Ondřej Franek

Psychiatr. praxi. 2016;17(2):59-62 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2016.015

Acupuncture is one of the methods of unconventional medicine, which currently represents a relatively extended method of suportative treatment in many medical fields, but not on homogeneous foundations. Only a small percentage of psychiatric diagnoses is indicated to perform acupuncture. Training in acupuncture is due to the polymorphic interpretation very unequal, ranging from the east philosophical perspectives to the scientific evidence-based approach. Acupuncture, however represents a simple and inexpensive alternative within holistic approach to a patient at a psychiatric surgery or on a hospital bed as well.

Case report

Agomelatine in treating depression as an alternative in SSRI intolerance

MUDr. Dana Kamarádová, Ph.D., prof. MUDr. Klára Látalová, Ph.D., MUDr. Miroslav Hajda

Psychiatr. praxi. 2016;17(2):63-64 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2016.016

Antidepressants are among the most frequently prescribed drugs in developed countries. The clinical practice shows the constant need for expanded pharmacological options of effective antidepressant therapy. Substantial amounts have been spent on research into novel antidepressants. In spite of this, only a few novel effective agents have been presented in the recent years. These include agomelatine that was introduced into the market in the European Union in 2009 and is indicated for the treatment of depression in adults.

Aripiprazole in the treatment of schizophrenia – its use in clinical practice

MUDr. Sylva Racková, Ph.D.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2016;17(2):65-68 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2016.017

There are available many types of antipsychotics in recent days. Aripiprazole is a partial agonist of D2 and 5-HT1A and antagonist of 5-HT2A receptors. It belongs among antipsychotics with low occurrence of averse events, especially metabolic like increase body weight, prolactine level. We demonstrate on 3 case reports of schizophenic patients when is possible to use aripiprazole in their treatment.

Switch to long-acting injectable suspension Abilify Maintena in outpatient settings, risks and benefits. Two case reports

MUDr. Luboš Janů, Ph.D., MUDr. Sylva Racková, Ph.D., MUDr. Miroslava Žáčková

Psychiatr. praxi. 2016;17(2):69-72 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2016.018

Using two case reports we documented switch to long-acting injectable suspension of aripiprazole. There is rare information about possibility to start depo medication of second generation of antipsychotic in out-patient private practices. Also lack of recommendations for switch could be a barrier for starting such new treatment. There is need for appropriate patients with suitable experience from oral formula. Using long-acting injectable suspension of aripiprazole may enhance treatment possibilities especially for sensitive patients.

Antipsychotic drugs in treating autism spectrum disorders

MUDr. Alexandra Trefilová

Psychiatr. praxi. 2016;17(2):73-75 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2016.019

The case report presents knowledge from the practice of the symptoms of autism in childhood and highlights the need to medicate these patients with an established method of treatment, thus giving the parents a helping hand in caring for a child with this condition. A brief overview is provided of the manifestations and treatment options in a 10-year-old female patient with childhood autism and associated mental retardation.