Změní globální pandemie naše priority?

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál, CSc.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):3  

Covid - recommendations how to cope with stressful time. Mental conditions related to SARS-CoV-2

PhDr. Veronika Buchtová, MUDr. Anna Hrušková Kusnieriková

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):6-11 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2021.001  

Difficult world-wide covid 19 situation represents huge demands on how to stay in mental health. Illness impact on family, employment, financial, friendship, free time activites and many more- loss, being overworked and other subjective hard situations related to covid demand on our coping capacity and flexible strategies to have at least acceptable everyday living. Almoust a year duration of facing the crisis reduced our adaptive capacity and that is why even basic daily issues are hard to manage. International classification of mental ilnesses notice that if anybody is being under significant and chronic negative stress and that leeds him to unpleasant...

Schizophrenia and intestinal microbiome

prof. MUDr. Klára Látalová, Ph.D.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):12-16 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2021.002  

Schizophrenia is a serious psychotic illness associated with the risk of social and physical devastation. The etiology of schizophrenia remains partially unclear. The basic treatment for schizophrenia is the administration of antipsychotics, possibly in combination with selected psychosocial interventions. However, current therapeutic options do not address all aspects of the disorder completely satisfactorily. It has been growing lately interest in the relationship between intestinal microbiome and mental health, including schizophrenia. This overview presents the current results of research on dysbiosis in schizophrenia and discusses whether the...

Addictions in Patients with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

MUDr. Jela Hrnčiarová

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):17-24 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2021.003  

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults is clinicaly established by review of symptoms and impairment. ADHD in adults is associated with significant psychiatric comorbidity and higher than average rates of diviorce, unemployment, motor vehicle accidents and i tis a risk factor for substance abuses. ADHD is associated with different characteristic of substance abuse: substance abuse transitions more rapidly to dependence, and lasts longer in adults with ADHD than those without ADHD. Self-medication may be a factor in the high rate of substance abuse in adults with ADHD. Pharmacologic treatment includes noradrenergic agents and stimulants...

Self‑evaluation of negative symptoms in schizophrenia as a useful tool improving cooperation with schizophrenia patients

Mgr. MUDr. Jozef Dragašek, PhD., MHA, MUDr. Zuzana Vančová, PhD.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):26-33  

However, negative symptoms of schizophrenia represent deficits in different domains of symptoms; they are inherently present in patients' subjective experiences with schizophrenia. Primary negative symptoms have reflected an integral part of the schizophrenia disorder process and symbolize an unmet need for treatment. Anyhow, they can be reliably evaluated and measured. Most of the scales on negative symptoms in schizophrenia are constructed on an "objective" observer rating. In contrast, the self-assessment process in patients with schizophrenia has been ignored on a long-term basis. The Self-report of Negative Symptoms (SNS) is a short 20-item scale...

News in brain stimulation methods

doc. MUDr. Bc. Libor Ustohal, Ph.D.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):35-40 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2021.005  

Brain neurostimulation methods make a rapidly developing field of psychiatry. They can be divided into invasive and non-invasive methods. The latter group has been used in psychiatry more frequently. This group consists of transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation and also electroconvulsive therapy. While electroconvulsive therapy and transcranial magnetic stimulation are used in clinical practice, transcranial direct current stimulation is still an experimental method. The article presents and discusses selected news published in scientific literature about these methods.

The early identification of suicidal behaviour in children and cooperation between paediatricians and psychiatrics

MUDr. Ing. Adam Žaludek, MBA, LL.M., MUDr. Jan David, Ph.D., MUDr. David Marx, Ph.D.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):e3-e8  

The care of children with suicidal behaviour needs interdisciplinary cooperation, most often this includes paediatricians and psychiatrists. Psychiatry is ranked among the most crucial ones. The aim of this article is to present the aspects of early identification of suicidal behaviour in children and cooperation between paediatricians and psychiatrics.

Body composition in anorexia nervosa patients

Mgr. Michaela Ulrichová, doc. MUDr. Jiří Radvanský, CSc., MUDr. Jiří Koutek, Ph.D.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):e9-e15  

Anorexia nervosa is a severe psychiatric disorder which causes demage of all organ systems including musculoskeletal system. Osteopenia, osteoporosis, sarkopenia and peripheral neuropathy develops as a consequence of malnutrition. Anorexia nervosa leads to extreme and very dynamic changes of body composition. The weight expected according to age and height is dropping as a result of long-term starvation and the patient is loosing the fat mass and the musscle tissue. To reach the adequate weight patient has to undergo the several months long realimentation process. The fat mass increases rapidly and redistributes to the center of the body during the...

Children and Digital Media

MUDr. Zuzana Sadílková

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):e16-e24  

The large majority of children use digital technologies, especially cell phones and tablets, nowadays. Extensive usage of such technologies can lead to a large scale of health and social problems. In this article, I apply the neurophysiological perspective to explain why children are not able to self-regulate in digital activities. Later, I discuss the possibility of involvement of pediatricians in primary prevention. I based the discussion on the recommendations of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), World Health Organization (WHO), various international and Czech studies on the use of digital technologies as well as by my observation of children's...

Factitious disorder: overview and case report

MUDr. Martin Hýža, Ph.D., Mgr. Jan Vantuch, MUDr. Petr Šilhán, Ph.D.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):41-46 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2021.006  

Factitious disorder (FD) belongs to the group of mental disorders in which the somatic symptoms prevail in the clinical picture. The exact data regarding prevalence are missing but in serious courses extreme amounts of resources from the health care system are wasted and the disorder may have lethal termination because of complications. The occurrence of a subtype of FD imposed on another, most often children (formerly "by proxy"), is alarming. The diagnosis is logically difficult, the clear guidelines for different medical specialities are missing and there is no thorough education in the characteristics of the disorder. Even after a proper diagnosis...

Diagnosing major sleep disorders

MUDr. Martin Pretl, CSc.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):e25-e37 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2021.013  

The incidence of sleep-wake disorders has been growing rapidly worldwide. Their consequences include both impaired quality of daily life with numerous socioeconomic aspects and significant impairment of health status (related to cardiovascular, metabolic, and psychiatric conditions). The initial and, in some cases, a fully sufficient step in diagnosing sleep-wake disorders is interviewing the patient and taking sleep history while using questionnaires (Epworth Sleepiness Scale, sleep diary, etc.). Polysomnography is the basic examination technique. The diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) involves a simplified form of polysomnography - limited...

Confidentiality obligation of health care professionals and its breaking under the current legislation - Part 3

JUDr. Šárka Špeciánová

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):47-52 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2021.007  

This article deals with situations in which healthcare professionals fulfill their legal obligation to notify other entities and thus break through mandatory confidentiality. The aim of this article is to acquaint the reader with legal regulation of decision making on the ability to hold a gun and on issuing a driver's license and it also focuses on the registry regulations related to the birth and death of a person. Equally important is the regulation of the notification obligation in relation to professional chambers, health insurance companies or social service providers.

Results of a multicenter clinical observation: Concentrix® and its use in patients with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

MUDr. Michaela Habalová, Mgr. Anna Marie Jičínská, Mgr. Veronika Gondžová, Mgr. Nela Nováková, RNDr. Tomáš Pavlík, Ph.D., Bc. Monika Mazalová, MUDr. Hana Medřická, MBA, Mgr. Dana Chmelařová, doc. MUDr. Hana Ošlejšková, Ph.D.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):53-58  

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder of childhood. The clinical symptoms vary with the age of a child. The diagnosis is established by the presence of core symptoms, ie. attention deficit, hyperactivity and impulsivity. The therapy of the disease is multidisciplinary, using regime adjustment, psychotherapy and pharmacological approaches. Based on ethiopathogenesis, which is complex, the use of new nutritional supplements is being tested, in an effort to reduce clinical symptoms. This trend is probably due to the detection of changes in lipid profiles in the nervous system in patients with Attention...

Lurasidon in the treatment of the patient with paranoid schizophrenia previously treated by combination of atypical antipsychotics: case report

MUDr. Pavla Vojtová

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):59-60 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2021.009  

Since 2020, lurasidone, which belongs to the group of SDA atypical antipsychotics, has been available for the treatment of schizophrenia for patients in the Czech Republic. Receptor activity also includes partial agonism of serotonin 5HT1A receptors, antagonism of 5HT7 and noradrenaline α2C receptors. The case report below describes the treatment of a patient with paranoid schizophrenia with extensive pharmacological experience who arbitrarily discontinued treatment with a combination of MARTA antipsychotics and a partial agonist due to developing of side effects dominated by significant weight gain.

Zaznělo na 63. česko-slovenské psychofarmakologické konferenci - Sympozium společnosti Angelini Pharma Česká republika s.r.o., Jeseník 2021

MUDr. Vlastimil Nesnídal

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):61-62