Slovo úvodem

prof. MUDr. Ivan Rektor, CSc., FCMA, FANA, FEAN

Psychiatr. praxi. 2022;23(2):59  

Schizophrenia and obsessive compulsive disorder

MUDr. Kristýna Vrbová, prof. MUDr. Ján Praško Pavlov, CSc., MUDr. František Hodný, MUDr. Marie Ocisková, MUDr. Jakub Vaněk, MUDr. Michaela Holubová, MUDr. Jonáš Boček, MUDr. Lucie Bundárová

Psychiatr. praxi. 2022;23(2):64-71 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2022.017  

Introduction: Up to 25 % of patients with schizophrenia suffer from obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCs), and about 12% fulfil the diagnostic criteria of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Recently, the interest in this issue has significantly increased, probably due to the finding that second-generation antipsychotics, especially clozapine, might induce or aggravate OCs. Our study aimed to describe the research findings concerning the connection between comorbid OCs and the severity and course of schizophrenia. Method: The articles were identified by the keywords "schizophrenia comorbidity" and "obsessive compulsive disorder", using the Medline and...

Borderline personality disorder and attachment

MUDr. Vlastimil Nesnídal, prof. MUDr. Ján Praško Pavlov, CSc., Mgr. Marie Ocisková, Ph.D., MUDr. Jakub Vaněk, MUDr. Kamila Bělohradová Minaříková, Michaela Houdková, MUDr. František Hodný, MUDr. Jonáš Boček, MUDr. Kryštof Kantor

Psychiatr. praxi. 2022;23(2):72-77 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2022.018  

One of the essential factors that can significantly contribute to emotional regulation in adulthood is emotional attachment. Adverse childhood experiences with primary caregivers form a problematic basis for internal working models for subsequent relationships and develop maladaptive interpersonal relationships, characteristic of patients with a borderline personality disorder. Insecure individuals cannot identify and understand emotional states, leading to an increased risk of affective lability. This early experience plays an essential role in supplementing narrative abilities and building emotional understanding. It helps to understand own mental...

Antidepressants for prophylaxis and treatment of post-stroke depression

MUDr. Tomáš Novák, Ph.D.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2022;23(2):78-83  

One-third of stroke survivors develop post-stroke depression (PSD), which has a negative impact on mortality, degree of disability, and overall prognosis. Hence, early initiation of antidepressants (ADs) could prevent the development of depression and (or at the same time) improve the post-stroke recovery. However, a series of recent multicenter studies do not demonstrate the efficacy of fluoxetine either in preventing depression or in other clinical indicators. Thus, the prophylactic indication of antidepressants currently lacks evidence. In the treatment of post-stroke depression, ADs (SSRI as the first choice) are still indicated, and studies to...

Adverse childhood experiences and psychopathology in patients with OCD

MUDr. František Hodný, PhDr. Marie Ocisková, Ph.D., prof. MUDr. Ján Praško Pavlov, CSc., MUDr. Kryštof Kantor, MUDr. Jakub Vaněk, MUDr. Kristýna Vrbová

Psychiatr. praxi. 2022;23(2):84-90 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2022.020  

Introduction: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are a heterogeneous group of negative events such as child abuse, neglect or bullying, death of a parent or domestic violence. There is a consensus across mental health professionals and the public that these phenomena can harm an individual's mental health and contribute to the development of many psychiatric disorders. This research aims to explore the relationship between five specific childhood adversities (physical abuse and neglect, emotional abuse and neglect, and sexual abuse) and the severity of the obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and related disability. Method: Sixty-four patients completed...

Cognitive functions, activities of daily living and cognitive syndromes

prof. MUDr. Aleš Bartoš, Ph.D.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2022;23(2):91-97 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2022.021  

The number of older people with memory disorders and other cognitive disorders increases as the aging population is growing. Therefore, the article provides information on cognitive functions and their brief evaluation. It also explains the content and evaluation of activities of daily living. Cognitive syndromes can be classified into three categories based on impairment of cognitive functions and activities of daily living: subjective memory complaints (normal cognitive functions), mild cognitive impairment (cognitive impairment, but not impairment in activities of daily living) and dementia (dependence on caregivers). The use of uniform terminology...

Minority stress in the perspective of health inequalities between heterosexual and non­‑heterosexual people

RNDr. Michal Pitoňák, Ph.D.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2022;23(2):100-104 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2022.022  

Minority stress theory is now a recognised interpretive framework through which we can understand the factors that negatively affect the mental health of non-heterosexual people. In this review paper, I introduce the basic premises of this approach and discuss three key proximal minority stress processes - internalized homonegativity, motivation to conceal sexual identity, and rejection sensitivity. I conclude by highlighting current practice in transdiagnostic interventions.

Traumatization of Ukrainian children

MUDr. Jan Uhlíř, Mgr. Lenka Škarková Stojanová

Psychiatr. praxi. 2022;23(2):105-107  

The current situation has posed new challenges. Children traumatized by the war enter the outpatient clinics. How to deal with this new situation? How best to handle it? How to help children understand their manifestations? In this article, we have tried to find at least partial answers in a brief and concise overview and to give basic instructions on how to proceed.

Group CBT for patients with anxiety disorders - reflection of further experience from practice

Mgr. Roman Pešek, Mgr. Hana Kučová, PhDr. Eliška Kobzová

Psychiatr. praxi. 2022;23(2):108-116 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2022.024  

The article describes the practice of group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in Psychosomatická klinika, Patockova 3 in Prague 6. Short-term outpatient CBT group is intended for patients with disorders from spectrum of anxiety disorders and moderate depression. The article follows the article published in 2016 (1) and reflects progress and changes in structure and process of group CBT after five years continual carring out. Selected interactions among therapists and patients during group sessions are described as well.

Anorexia nervosa in older school-age boy

Mgr. Martin Forejt, Ph.D.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2022;23(2):117-120  

Food is an irreplaceable source of essential nutrients for humans. Regular and proper eating is one of the conditions for a child's proper physical, mental and social development. If a child does not receive enough energy and nutrients in the long term, this can lead to the development of somatic and psychological disorders in the beginning, which tend to become severe diseases or direct threats to life over time and according to the individual's resilience. Anorexia nervosa, which is one of the eating disorders, is a completely typical disease leading to these consequences. The incidence in boys is less common than in girls, which can make recognising...

Case study: antidepressants and triptans - is it possible to use them in combination?

PharmDr. Ivana Tašková

Psychiatr. praxi. 2022;23(2):121-123 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2022.026  

The case report deals with the selection of suitable psychotropic drugs from the group of antidepressants in a patient with anxiety disorder and at the same time suffering from frequent migraine attacks. The interactions of serotonergic antidepressants and triptans (antimigraine drugs) has been widely described in the literature. We deal with concerns from the development of serotonin syndrome, which can be a life-threatening side effect. In practice, there is a need to assess the clinical severity of each drug interaction so that we do not overestimate or underestimate its importance. By incorrect interpretation of the drug interaction, patient can...

Legal aspects of caring for patients with limited personality - practical instructions for daily practice

JUDr. Šárka Špeciánová

Psychiatr. praxi. 2022;23(2):130-134 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2022.028  

The introductory article provided physicians with a basic overview of the provisions related to the restriction of autonomy. This follow-up part will deal with practical issues related to the provision of health services to persons with limited disabilities, as follows from the Health Services Act, and, subsidiarily in the Civil Code.

Migréna, anxieta, deprese - může biologická léčba pomoci?

MUDr. Jolana Marková, FEAN

Psychiatr. praxi. 2022;23(2):124-128