Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2002; 5: 213-218

NEUROBIOLOGICKÉ MECHANIZMY DISOCIACE, BOLESTI A VNÍMÁNÍ VLASTNÍHO TĚLA

RNDr. Anna Yamamotová CSc, MUDr. Hana Papežová CSc
Univerzita Karlova, Ústav normální, patologické a klinické fyziologie 3. LF a Psychiatrická klinika 1. LF, Praha

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Keywords: analgesia, pain, dissociation, periaqueductal gray matter, stress, body perception.

Published: December 31, 2002  Show citation

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Yamamotová A, Papežová H. NEUROBIOLOGICKÉ MECHANIZMY DISOCIACE, BOLESTI A VNÍMÁNÍ VLASTNÍHO TĚLA. Psychiatr. praxi. 2002;3(5):213-218.

Disociace je sice termín v psychiatrii známý již více než sto let, ale teprve moderní neurobiologický výzkum odkrývá jeho mechanizmy v kontextu stresových traumatických zážitků. V tomto přehledu se pokusíme přiblížit některé neurobiologické mechanizmy, které by mohly vysvětlit fyziologický ekvivalent fenoménu disociace, a to na příkladech percepce tělesných rozměrů, analgezie a při reakci na stres u disociativních konverzních poruch, poruch příjmu potravy, hraničních poruch osobnosti a dalších psychiatrických poruch. Významným zjištěním je, že míra disociace se během stresu může měnit a její vztah ke stresovým hormonům při rozvoji stresové dynamiky může později vést k rozdílným projevům (adaptivním či klinickým - maladaptivním).

Neurobiological mechanisms of dissociation, pain, and body perception

Despite the fact that the term dissociation has been known for more than one century, only recent neurobiological research has uncovered its cause in the context of stressful traumatic experiences. In this overview we describe several neurobiological mechanisms which may be proffered to explain the physiological equivalent of the dissociation phenomenon, using examples of body size perception, analgesia and stress response in dissociative disorders, eating disorders and borderline personality disorders and other psychiatric disorders. Some recent important findings have shown that the level of dissociation may vary with the level of stress hormones during the development of stress dynamics and may result in different adaptive or clinically maladaptive reactions.

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