Slovo úvodem

Mgr. Iva Daňková,

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(2): 47  

The less common therapeutic approaches in the treatment of mania

prof.MUDr.Eva Češková, CSc.

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(2): 49-50  

The less common therapeutic approaches in the treatment of mania are usually mentioned in the international and national guidelines as second or third line treatment. In this review only in Czech Republic available drugs are mentioned in more details. They include undoubtedly new atypical antipsychotic and some their new formulations (paliperidone and quetiapine extended-release, long-acting injection of risperidone) and atypical antipsychotic used for a long time without controlled trials in this indication (amisulpride, clozapine). Further, some drugs, which are cited in the available literature but practically not used in our country are...

The specificity of pharmacotherapy in gerontopsychiatry

doc.MUDr.Roman Jirák, CSc.

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(2): 52-55  

Pharmacotherapy in old age requires specific approach. We can see more frequently lower portion of water in body tissue in comparison with younger age. On the other hand there is usually higher amount of fat. Older people suffer often from different disorders that alter pharmacokinetics (for instance renal or hepatic insufficiency, chronic constipation and others). There is one general principle, especially in psychopharmacotherapy – „start low, go slow”. Author analyses particular groups of psychopharmaceutics and introduces the specifics of their use in old age persons.

Cognitive performance in depression

PhDr.Hana Přikrylová Kučerová, Ph.D., doc.PhDr.Marek Preiss, Ph.D., Mgr.Petra Navrátilová, Ph.D., doc.MUDr.Radovan Přikryl, Ph.D.

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(2): 56-58  

Number of patients sufferring from unipolar depression have problems with impairment of cognitive and executive functions which we marked as cognitive deficit. This deficit has a big influence on their quality of life, every day lifestyle, etc. Many different factors involve in formation of cognitive deficit like influence of longitudinal stress, imbalance of neurotransmitters, etc. Impairment of cognitive functions in depression has global diffused character, it does not has a specific profile and its course is influenced by many clinical factors (subtypes and severity of depression, medication, hospitalization…). Cognitive impairment...

The dose escalation of antidepressant in nonresponders with depressive disorders

MUDr.Martin Bareš, MUDr.Tomáš Novák

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(2): 59-61  

Depressive disorder is a relatively common disease in the population. Only 30–40 % patients treated with antidepressants achieve remission. The dose escalation of antidepressants is recommended in cases of unsatisfactory response to treatment. The authors comment contemporary evidence about efficacy of this strategy.

Mild cognitive impairment in clinical practices

MUDr.Kateřina Sheardová

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(2): 62-65  

A clinical transitional state between the cognitive changes of aging and dementia is referred to as mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Clinical subtypes of MCI have been recognized, they include prodromal forms of a variety of dementias. Most of the literature refers to the amnestic form of MCI (a-MCI), which is likely a precursor of Alzheimer´s disease (AD). The rate of conversion from a-MCI to AD is estimated to 10–15 % per year, therefore MCI has generated a great deal of research. Better understanding of this syndrome has lead to invention of biomarkers related to AD pathology mainly including CSF biomarkers, MRI volumetry and PET imaging....

Treatment of tobacco dependence in psychiatric ill patients

MUDr.Lenka Štěpánková, MUDr.Eva Králíková, CSc.

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(2): 66-69  

Among psychiatric patients smoking rates are 2–3 fold higher compared to the general population. In addition, they smoke more cigarettes/ day and inhale more intensively, have higher blood levels of tobacco smoke metabolites and their nicotine dependence is stronger. This is all related to high smoking-related mortality and morbidity among patients with mental health problems. Since treatment of tobacco dependence in psychiatric ill patients is specific, there are specific guidelines available in many countries. Also the Czech Psychiatric Association of the Czech Medical Association introduced such guidelines in 2009. In this paper we...

Application of cognitive behaviour therapy with kleptomania affected client

MUDr.Jozef Benkovič

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(2): 74-76  

The autor states in the article the basic characteristies of a relatively rare but very uncomfortable disorder called kleptomania. At the example of case study of client suffering from this disease he points to the possibilities of asuccesful combined treatment cognitive behaviour therapy and farmacotherapy.

Concerta in the treatment hyperkinetic disorder/ADHD in children and adolescents

prof.MUDr.Ivana Drtílková, CSc.

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(2): 77-82  

CONCERTA® is a once-daily, long-acting formulation of methylphenidate and indicated for the treatment of ADHD in children from six years and adolescents. The osmotic release oral system (OROS) methylphenidate formulation is designed to deliver methylphenidate in a controlled manner for approximately 12 hours, thereby allowing extended coverage of symptoms ADHD during the day. Compared to methylphenidate IR the new OROS formulation of methylphenidate brings numerous benefits: simple dosage improves adherence to treatment, reduces risks of stigmatization and misuse and the stability of serum levels of the medication contributes to a more...

Do not be afraid of statistics. How to interpret study results.

MUDr.Miloslav Kopeček, Ph.D., MUDr.Tomáš Novák

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(2): 83-84  

This article contains mini-review about descriptive statistics.

New religions and sects

doc.PhDr.Dušan Lužný, Dr.

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(2): 85-86  

New religions and sects are frequent topic of academic discussions about the position of religion in today‘s society. This topic also provokes interest of the general public. The public, above all, consider these groups dangerous. This paper wishes to point out problems with the use of the terms indicating non-traditional religions and to show that membership in these groups can have positive consequences in the life of an individual. This approach is illustrated on 3 religious groups that are often described as dangerous sects, e.g. the Hare Krishna movement, Unification Movement and Scientology.