Možnosti rehabilitace u pacientů po prodělaném onemocnění covid-19

Mgr. Monika Mikulášková, Mgr. Barbora Imrichová, doc. Mgr. Kateřina Neumannová, Ph.D.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(2):67 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2021.014  

Cyclothymia

MUDr. Marián Kolenič, Ph.D., PhDr. Andrea Dally, Mgr. Tereza Hartmannová, Mgr. Kateřina Urbanová, Ing. Pavel Vostatek, Ph.D., MUDr. Maximilian Haas, MUDr. Filip Španiel, Ph.D., prof. MUDr. Tomáš Hájek, Ph.D., MUDr. Tomáš Novák, Ph.D.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(2):72-78 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2021.015  

Cyclothymia is characterized as a mental disorder with long-term mood swings from mild depression to mild elation. Despite its complex historical development, this diagnostic unit is still associated with partial controversy, mainly according to affective versus temperament disorders. This controversy contributes to the lower interest of the research field to study cyclothymia, which leads to insufficient data on adequate treatment. But the impact on quality of life and functioning can be significant in patients suffering from cyclothymia. In this article, we focused on an overview of historical developments, the clinical symptomatology, diagnostic...

Inflammation and psychotic disorders

MUDr. Kryštof Kantor, prof. MUDr. Klára Látalová, Ph.D.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(2):80-83 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2021.016  

Inflammation is part of immune reaction to external and internal stimuli, particularly infectious insults. In recent years, the attention of experts has shifted from acute inflammatory response to mild chronic systemic inflammation. This phenomenon appears to play a role in the etiopathogenesis of many chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes and obesity. In psychiatry, connection between inflammation and psychotic disorders is one of the major study interests. There is multiple evidence, that inflammation plays a role in a certain group of patients with psychosis. Markers that can help recognize this state in both acute and chronic...

The relationship between gut microbiota and behavior

MUDr. Marcela Šoltýsová, MUDr. Aleksandra Tomova, PhD., prof. MUDr. Daniela Ostatníková, PhD.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(2):89-93 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2021.018  

The relationship between the composition of gut microbiota and behavior is a relatively new and interesting field of research. It promises the possible use of modulation of microbiota to reduce problem behavior, as part of comprehensive approach to patients with mental disorders. This article aims to briefly describe the current state of knowledge in this area, focusing on selected pathways of communication between gut and the brain, which are associated with production of neuroactive molecules, and also describes the relationship with composition of the gut microbiota.

Delusional disorder and its treatment

PhDr. Marie Ocisková, Ph.D., prof. MUDr. Ján Praško, CSc., Mgr. František Hodný, MUDr. Jakub Vaněk, PhDr. Michaela Holubová, Ph.D., MUDr. Lucie Bundárová, MUDr. Jonáš Boček, PhDr. Marta Zaťková, Ph.D., doc. PhDr. Miloš Šlepecký, CSc.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(2):e3-e26 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2021.024  

Delusional disorder usually presents by a single delusional belief that gradually arises in time or by a system of several interconnected delusions. Delusions can develop from a misrepresentation of real, usually hurtful, degrading, or stressful events. There are several subtypes: persecutory, jealous, erotomaniac, somatic, grandiose, mixed, and non-specific. Delusions can persist for a long time, sometimes for many years. The treatment is usually challenging, as these patients generally do not consider themselves ill and tend to not seek treatment. The therapeutic success heavily relies on a safe and stable therapeutic relationship. One of the psychotherapeutic...

"I don't have a problem, you're the ones who are crazy!" How to communicate with a patient who is unaware of a mental health disorder

MUDr. Barbora Mechúrová

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(2):e27-e32 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2021.025  

Communication with patients refusing medical treatment represents a challenging task for all health-care professionals working with patients suffering from mental health disorders. Lack of insight, also known as anosognosia, is considered to be a significant factor contributing to nonadherence. Despite unawareness of one's mental health disorder, motivation to treatment as well as mutual trust between a patient and a health-care professional can be strengthen by using special communication strategies. In the article we summarize principles of the communication technique LEAP, which can be used in motivational interviews with mentally ill patients,...

Josephine: a case report of a polymorbid patient with ADHD

MUDr. Hedvika Ernsten

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(2):99-104 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2021.020  

ADHD symptoms in adulthood may not be the patient's only problem; it may be overshadowed by other clinically significant serious psychiatric syndromes. Differential diagnosis of episodes of affective disorder accompanied by a later detected psychotic illness and differentiation of the primarily based core ADHD symptoms is quite possible provided that a detailed data of patient's clinical history are obtained. In the pharmacotherapy of such a patient it is useful to set individual therapeutic priorities which are not always the same for each and everyone. Treatment can be similarly complicated as polymorbidity, where monotherapy is seldom sufficient....

Brexpiprazole as a suitable alternative to LAI

MUDr. Jan Čermák

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(2):105-108 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2021.021  

New partial dopamine agonists promise a balance between good efficacy and a favorable spectrum of side effects in the treatment of schizophrenia. They are suitable drugs to solve the metabolic syndrome caused by other types of antipsychotics. We successfully transferred a patient from 210 mg depot olanzapine to 4 mg brexpiprazole. Brexpiprazole has very low discontinuation rates due to side effects and is therefore a possible alternative in cases where we cannot choose from other antipsychotics available for injection.

Effect of fish oil food supplement consumption on omega 3 index and selected cognitive functions in actively sport pupils in the second stage of primary schools

RNDr. Pavel Suchánek, Ing. DiS. Hana Střítecká, Ph.D., Mgr. DiS. Jitka Tomešová, Mgr. Veronika Kuncířová, Mgr. Lenka Šaurová, Mgr. Klára Duškova, Mgr. Nikola Wolfová, Mgr. DiS. Margarita Iliopulu, Ing. Jaroslav A. Hubáček, CSc., DSc., RNDr. Věra Lánská, CSc.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(2):110-115 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2021.022  

Omega3 long-chain fatty acids (EPA and DHA) from fish oil have a major impact not only on the risk of cardiovascular diseases but also on cognitive functions. We tested the effect of EPA and DHA contained in fish oil on cognitive functions (memorization, coordination, and concentration) in intensely sporting boys (N = 169, age 10-15 years). The group under intervention consumed 2 teaspoons of oil daily for 6 months. All boys regularly summarize the dietary intake questionnaire and underwent anthropometric analyzes to rule out major changes in eating and exercise habits. A total of 121 boys completed the study (82 in the intervention group and 39 in...

Effect of coronavirus epidemic on development and treatment of eating disorders in childhood and adolescence

MUDr. Jiří Koutek, Ph.D., doc. PhDr. Jana Kocourková

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(2):116-118 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2021.023  

Authors dealing with effects of coronavirus epidemic on development and treatment of eating disorders in childhood and adolescence. They point out the negative impact of the covid-19 pandemic and the associated quarantine measures on the mental health of children and adolescents. This situation has specific negative effect on eating disorders, their development and treatment. The presentation is illustrated with case studies.

Variations of the clinical presentation of OCD during (not only) psychopharmacological treatment

MUDr. Kamila Minaříková, prof. MUDr. Klára Látalová, Ph.D.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(2):e33-e36 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2021.026  

We present this case report to point out the importace of the correct choice of psychopharmaceuticals in the treatment of severe obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and the possible complications in the differential diagnosis between OCD and various types of schizophrenia. We also consider the possibility of the occurrence or worsening of obsessive symptoms in connection with streptococcal infection. The concept of pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder associated with streptococcal infections (PANDAS) is well documented in pediatrics. It occurs in children with sudden onset of tics and/or obsessive-compulsive symptoms associated with recent...

Comparison of new antipsychotics (lurasidone, cariprazine and brexpiprazole) from the clinical point of view

doc. MUDr. Bc. Libor Ustohal, Ph.D.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(2):84-88  

Three new antipsychotics - cariprazine, lurasidone and brexpiprazole - have been introduced to the Czech market in the past two years. This review article aims to compare them from a clinical point of view. It focuses on their basic characteristics including receptors profile, indications and efficacy, dosage including dose-response relationship and, last but not least, on their tolerability and side effects.

Cariprazine in the treatment of schizophrenia

prof. MUDr. Eva Češková, CSc.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(2):94-98 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2021.019  

Cariprazine is besides aripiprazole the second partial dopamine agonist antipsychotic registered in Czech Republic for the treatment of schizophrenia. Partial dopamine receptor agonists represent the third-generation antipsychotic prototype. Cariprazine peculiar pharmacological profile may explain its efficacy on positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. According to the recently published algorithm cariprazine should be used as first-line treatment for patients with predominant negative symptoms. Cariprazine displays a low metabolic risk and weight gain. Among the most reported adverse events are included extrapyramidal symptoms and akathisia;...

Multidisciplinary approach and its importance for the mental health of children and adolescents not only in eating disorder

Mgr. Eva Slezáková, PhDr. Ing. Jana Sladká Ševčíková

Psychiatr. praxi. 2021;22(2):e37-e40 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2021.027  

The contribution deals and describes the experience of Anabell Center (bellow just "Anabell") with a multidisciplinar approach to work with families having children suffering from eating disorders and other mental problems. It describes principles and values used in the multidisciplinar collaboration and lists with an implemented and used metodology. Finally it concludes the existing knowledge of benefits of this approach, that has a positive impact on the mental health and functional settings and operation of a family unit.