Já, my, medicína a umělá inteligence

MUDr. Radkin Honzák, CSc.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2023;24(3):135  

New trends in schizophrenia treatment

MUDr. Miloslav Kopeček, Ph.D., prof. MUDr. Jiří Masopust, Ph.D., doc. MUDr. Martin Anders, Ph.D.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2023;24(3):140-147 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2023.027  

Antipsychotics are the mainstay of schizophrenia treatment. Psychopharmac, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) or electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) form a biological component that is supplemented at all levels of treatment with psychosocial interventions within the bio-psycho-social approach in the treatment of schizophrenia. The goal of schizophrenia treatment is not only the reduction of positive symptoms, as was the case in the past, but the achievement of functional remission. The treatment of schizophrenia can be thought of as a step-by-step climbing of stairs, where each level of the staircase represents a specific treatment goal....

Developmental milestones of non­‑heterosexual orientation and identities in Czechia: A revision of the traditional coming out model

RNDr. Michal Pitoňák, Ph.D.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2023;24(3):148-155 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2023.028  

This paper critically examines the applicability of traditional coming-out models in the context of contemporary Czechia, integrating rooted approaches and modern realities. An online survey of 1,788 participants (aged 15 to 71) was utilized to investigate progression between three coming-out milestones (M1 - Attraction; M2 - Self-Labeling; and M3 - Disclosure) in the development of non-heterosexual identity. Results reveal that non-heterosexual individuals typically recognize their desire around age 13, self-label, on average, just over two years later, and disclose their identity to another person at an average age of just under 17. Notably, the...

Bossing - problematic and pathological interactions at workplace in public healthcare sector

PhDr. Pavel Harsa, Ph.D., prof. PaedDr. Marián Merica, Ph.D., doc. PhDr. PaedDr. Tomáš Gregor, Ph.D., PhDr. RNDr. Adriana Kaplánová, Ph.D., Mgr. Tomáš Kufa, Mgr. Michaela Břeňová, PhDr. Jiří Michalec, Ph.D.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2023;24(3):156-160 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2023.029  

The article talks about the manifestations of bossing, specific for contemporary society and health care settings. The authors summarize and describe various displays of violence, bossing, mobbing and other forms of probleatic behavior in the context of relations of coworkers. Authors point out the dangers of such behaviour and its growing occurence and providing three case studies. In the article, they provide a definition of the perpetrators of bossing, its victims, the way boosing is usually played out, and the ways to prevent and solve these types of situations. In the conclusion, they provide an enumeration of preventive means and qualified resources...

Possibilities of family interventions in the treatment of emotionally-unstable adolescents

MUDr. Kryštof Kantor, doc. PhDr. Jana Kocourková

Psychiatr. praxi. 2023;24(3):161-164 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2023.030  

Difficulties associated with emotional instability are frequent in adolescence, and the diagnosis of personality disorders at this age is becoming common. The importance of this group of patients is evident, when we consider that this disorder was present in up to 76 % of adolescents who sought care for suicidal ideation. Family environment plays a role in the pathogenesis of emotionally unstable personality disorder, while on the other hand, relatives are also significantly affected by this disorder. There are several therapeutic procedures that have been adapted for emotionally unstable adolescents and show effectiveness in their treatment. Family...

Clozapine and Parkinson's disease related psychosis

MUDr. Katarína Ďurčová Typčuková, MUDr. Marcela Šoltýsová, MUDr. Mária Holá, MUDr. Ján Necpál

Psychiatr. praxi. 2023;24(3):165-169 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2023.031  

Parkinson´s disease related psychosis is a serious neuropsychiatric complication of Parkinson´s disease. According to evidence-based medicine, the gold standard in the treatment is treatment with clozapine, an atypical antipsychotic drug with multireceptor properties and low risk of extrapyramidal side effects. Although clozapine seems to be very effective, it is quite underused, mainly due to the fear of developing agranulocytosis. This fear leads commonly to clozaphobia among physicians. The review brings basic facts about clozapine and management of Parkinson´s disease related psychosis.

Women in the field of psychology

prof. PhDr. Alena Plháková, CSc.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2023;24(3):170-175 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2023.032  

The article explores the motivation of women to study psychology and the disparities in the status of men and women in academic and applied psychology. It is evident that women publish less frequently in professional psychological journals than men and receive fewer citations. Additionally, psychologists, more often than female psychologists, attain various leadership positions. Nevertheless, women are highly successsful in the fields of marriage and family counceling, clinical psychology, and psychotherapy.

Differences between brexpiprazole and aripiprazole in clinical practice. Case series

prof. MUDr. Jiří Masopust, Ph.D., MUDr. Miloslav Kopeček, Ph.D., doc. MUDr. Lucie Kališová, Ph.D., MUDr. Martin Hýža, Ph.D., MUDr. Michal Risler, MUDr. Tereza Škrábalová, MUDr. Olga Daňková, MUDr. Markéta Čechová, MUDr. Jiří Bartoš

Psychiatr. praxi. 2023;24(3):182-190 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2023.034  

Brexpiprazole is a new atypical antipsychotic acting as serotonin and dopamine modulator. Its mechanism of action is based on partial agonism on serotonin 5-HT1A receptors, antagonism at serotonin 5-HT2A receptors, partial agonism at dopamine D2 receptors and antagonism at two noradrenergic receptors, type α1B and type α2C. Due to its effect on dopamine D2 receptors brexpiprazole belongs to dopamine receptor partial agonists (DRPA). It has been introduced to clinical practice in treatment recently. Its profile is characterized by good antipsychotic efficacy and outstanding tolerability. Low incidence of side-effects is associated with treatment...

Psychogenic non-epileptic dissociative seizure as a response to postoperative pain? A case report that may not provide answers

Mgr. Renáta Krčilová, Regina Ropková, Elena Raimrová

Psychiatr. praxi. 2023;24(3):191-193 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2023.035  

With the presented case report we would like to acquaint the professional public with the story of a woman who experienced a recurrent disturbance of consciousness with non-constant myoclonic twitches of the trunk followed by spontaneous recovery of consciousness in the early postoperative period. The story that raised questions to which no definite answers were found. The story that forced us, health care workers in intensive care, not only to think about the very existence of dissociative states, but also about their various clinical manifestations and differential diagnosis. When we witness a patient with impaired state of consciousness, our focus...

New pharmaceuticals in the treatment of insomnia

MUDr. Jozef Višňovský, MUDr. Jakub Vaněk

Psychiatr. praxi. 2023;24(3):176-179 | DOI: 10.36290/psy.2023.033  

Sleep disorders are among the most common reasons why patients seek general practitioners or psychiatrists. The annual prevalence of insomnia in the adult population is estimated at up to 40%. Sleep disorders can occur in isolation or in combination with another underlying disorder. Non-pharmacological measures and procedures, even though they are an integral part of insomnia therapy, are not always preferred by patients and even doctors. Pharmacotherapy of sleep disorders includes a wide spectrum of drugs. Sleep medicine and its research are constantly evolving, which also brings new pharmaceuticals. The aim of the article is to provide a brief overview...

Mechanismus účinku silice z levandule

PharmDr. MVDr. Vilma Vranová, Ph.D.

Psychiatr. praxi. 2023;24(3):180  

Esketamine

MUDr. Veronika Málová

Psychiatr. praxi. 2023;24(3):194-198  

The case report demonstrates the successful outpatient treatment of a patient with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Although modern medicine already offers a whole range of antidepressants, we still often encounter a delayed clinical onset of effect in the range of three to six weeks, insufficient effectiveness or intolerance of treatment, which are a significant limit for effective treatment. The result is a certain percentage of patients who do not achieve remission or a long-term reduction of symptoms even after exhausting all available treatment options – a combination of antidepressants, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), repetitive transcranial...